Guía Docente 2023-24
ESTRUCTURAS I

BASIC DETAILS:

Subject: ESTRUCTURAS I
Id.: 30200
Programme: GRADUADO EN ARQUITECTURA. PLAN 2009 (BOE 21/03/2015)
Module: TECNICO
Subject type: OBLIGATORIA
Year: 2 Teaching period: Primer Cuatrimestre
Credits: 3 Total hours: 75
Classroom activities: 28 Individual study: 47
Main teaching language: Inglés Secondary teaching language: Castellano
Lecturer: Email:

PRESENTATION:

This is the first contact the students of architecture have with engineering inside the degree. Thus, the course is proposed as a transition from architectural to structural concepts. The course's main goal is for the student to acquire the fundamental concepts of resistance, equilibrium and stability, the three concepts needed to design a structure.

The course will begin with the understanding of the forces affecting a building. Afterwards, the course will focus on the inner forces affecting a structure's different elements. For this, it will focus on the different geometry and materials which are part of a structure. Once all this basic concepts are stablished, the course will focus on more complex matters, such as strains, deflections and strength, so that the student will be ablo to calculate and understand the bending moment and axial force diagrams. 

With all of this knowledge, the student will be able to comprehend the way a structure behaves, being able to analyze and design a structure for any kind of typology. Therefore, the course is the student's first contact with Continuous Mechanics and the technological disciplines that derive from it. It is therefore a fundamental preliminary step for the understanding of basic concepts further developed in subsequent courses.

 

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES ACQUIRED IN THE SUBJECT:

General programme competences G01 Effectively use language skills to express views and formulate arguments both orally and in writing Ability to express opinions and propose arguments effectively both orally and in writing in student's native language and English.
G02 Ability to resolve problems and make decisions throughout their lifetime and choose professional and educational pathways independently.
G03 Ability for autonomous learning and self-criticism.
G04 Ability to transfer the knowledge acquired in practical work and skills to the field of work.
G05 Demonstrate creativity, independence of thought, autonomy.
G06 Demonstrate critical and analytical ability to conventional approaches of the discipline.
G07 Demonstrate capacity for innovation, creativity and initiative.
G08 Incorporate social and humanistic knowledge to an all-encompassing university education.
G09 Capacity of developing values such as solidarity, multiculturalism, equality, social commitment, respect, diversity, integrity, universal accessibility, among other values that are unique to a culture of peace and democratic values.
G10 Formulate proposals for social transformation from a critical and constructive point of view.
G11 Ability to act, make decisions and take initiatives based on their own convictions and ethical behaviour.
G12 Knowledge of culture and society as a pillar of human reality.
G13 Knowledge of ethical commitment that leads to respect for the dignity of persons.
G14 Knowledge of the methods and procedures of democratic societies in the defence of fundamental rights of the person.
Specific programme competences E01 Ability to: Apply the graphic procedures to the representation of spaces and objects (T); Design and represent the visual attributes of objects and master proportion and drawing techniques, including computer-based techniques (T).
E02 Knowledge adapted and applied to architecture and urbanism of: The spatial representation systems; Analysis and theory of form and laws of visual perception; The metric and projective geometry; Graphic survey techniques in all its phases, from drawing notes to scientific restitution. The principles of general mechanics, statics, the geometry of masses and vector and tensor fields; The principles of thermodynamics, acoustics and optics; The principles of fluid, hydraulics, electricity and electromagnetism mechanics; the basis of topography and mapping and terrain modification techniques.
E03 Knowledge applied to: Numeracy, analytical and differential geometry and algebraic methods.
E04 Ability to conceive, calculate, design, integrate into buildings and urban units and execute: Building structures (T); Interior division systems, carpentry, stairways and other finished work (T); Locking systems, roof and other structural work (T); Foundation Solutions (T); Supply facilities, water treatment and disposal, heating and air conditioning (T).
E05 Ability to: Apply technical and construction standards; Maintain building structures, foundation and civil works; Conserve the finished work; Evaluate the project.
E06 Capacity to Preserve the structural work; Plan building and urban transformation facilities and power supply, audiovisual communication, acoustic conditioning and artificial lighting; Conserve facilities.
E07 Adequate knowledge of: Solid mechanics of continuous media and soil, as well as plastic, elastic and strength of materials of heavy works; Conventional building systems and their pathology; The physical and chemical characteristics, production procedures, pathology and use of building materials; Industrialised building systems.
E08 Knowledge of: Ethics, collegiate organisations, professional structure and civil liability; Administrative and professional management procedures; The organisation of professional offices; Measurement, expert and assessment methods; Health and safety at work; The management and real estate management.
E09 Suitability for design, practice and development of: Basic execution projects, sketches and drafts (T); Urban Projects (T); Construction management (T).
E10 Ability to: Develop functional programmes of buildings and urban spaces; Intervene in and conserve, restore and rehabilitate the built heritage (T); Remove architectural barriers (T); Undertake architectural criticism; Solve the passive environmental conditioning, including thermal and acoustic insulation, climate control, energy efficiency and natural lighting (T); Catalogue built and urban heritage and plan its protection.
E11 Capacity to Perform safety projects, evacuation and protection properties (T); Compose civil engineering projects (T); Design and execute urban layouts and development projects, gardening and landscape (T); Apply standards and building regulations; Develop environmental, landscape and correction of environmental impacts studies(T).
E12 Adequate knowledge of: General theories of form, composition and architectural types; The general history of architecture; The methods of studying the processes of symbolisation, practical functions and ergonomics; The methods to study social needs, quality of life, habitability and basic housing programmes; Ecology, sustainability and the principles of conservation of energy and environmental resources; Architectural, urban and landscape traditions of Western culture, as well as their technical, climatic, economic, social and ideological foundations; Aesthetics and theory and history of fine arts and applied arts; The relationship between cultural patterns and social responsibilities of the architect; The bases of vernacular architecture; Sociology, theory, economics and urban history; The methodological foundations of urban planning and territorial and metropolitan management; Drafting mechanisms and management of urban plans at any scale.
E13 Knowledge of: Civil, administrative, urban laws of the building industry and the professional performance; Feasibility analysis and supervision and coordination of integrated projects; The real estate appraisal.
E14 Once all the credits of the curriculum are obtained, the presentation and defence of an original project individually, before a university tribunal which will include at least one member suggested by the professional organisations. The assignment will consist of a comprehensive architectural project of a professional nature in which all the skills acquired in the degree are put into practice to the point of demonstrating proficiency to determine the complete execution of the construction project, in compliance with the applicable technical and administrative regulations.
Regulated profession competences P01 Ability to create architectural designs that satisfy both aesthetic and technical requirements.
P02 Adequate knowledge of the history and theories of architecture as well as the arts, technology and human sciences.
P03 Knowledge of the fine arts as an influence on the quality of architectural design.
P04 Adequate knowledge of urban design, planning and the skills involved in the planning process.
P05 Ability to understand the relationships between people and buildings and between them and their environment, and the need to relate buildings and the spaces between them depending on the needs and the human scale.
P06 Ability to understand the architectural profession and its role in society, in particular by developing projects that take social factors into account.
P07 Knowledge of methods of investigation and preparation of construction projects.
P08 Understand the problems of the structural design, construction and engineering associated with building projects.
P09 Adequate knowledge of physical problems and the different technologies and of the function of buildings so as to provide them with internal conditions of comfort and protection against the climate conditions.
P10 Design capacity to meet the requirements of building users within the limits imposed by budget factors and building regulations.
P11 Adequate knowledge of the industries, organisations, regulations and procedures involved in translating design concepts into buildings and integrating plans into planning.

PRE-REQUISITES:

Students are required to have physics and maths basic knowledge, as taught on the previous year, to be able to fully understand the course's new concepts. Furthermore, there will be needed willingness to work, in a guided but autonomous way, those concepts which require a complementary review. 

DISCLAIMER: Students who have another course with the same schedule, have the obligation to attend the more recent enrollment course, while assuming the responsability of working and studying for the course as proposed in this guide, but in an autonomous way.

SUBJECT PROGRAMME:

Subject contents:

1 - INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING STRUCTURES
    1.1 - New vocabulary
    1.2 - Physics concepts
2 - WHAT IS A STRUCTURE?
    2.1 - Sructural geometry
    2.2 - Structural materials
    2.3 - Structural forces
3 - LOADS THAT AFFECT A STRUCTURE
    3.1 - Stress-Strain
    3.2 - Axial force
    3.3 - Bending
    3.4 - Shear
    3.5 - Torsion
4 - STRESS DIAGRAMS
    4.1 - Bending moment diagrams
    4.2 - Shear force diagrams
5 - STRESS-STRAIN
    5.1 - Mohr's circle
    5.2 - Longitudinal stress
    5.3 - Tangential stress
6 - STRUCTURAL SAFETY
    6.1 - Failure methods
    6.2 - Ultimate limit state
    6.3 - Serviceability limit state
7 - STRUCTURAL FORCES
    7.1 - Forces in nature
    7.2 - Calulation of forces acting on a building

Subject planning could be modified due unforeseen circumstances (group performance, availability of resources, changes to academic calendar etc.) and should not, therefore, be considered to be definitive.


TEACHING AND LEARNING METHODOLOGIES AND ACTIVITIES:

Teaching and learning methodologies and activities applied:

As this is the first time students will have to learn not only new structural knowledge but also in a different language. And to ensure a fruitful achievement of the course's competences. The majority of the effort and work for this course will take place during class time. Being utterly important that students attend all of the sessions.

There will be theorical lessons where the teacher will teach the new concepts through a reflexion process, intreacting with the students. For this activity the teacher will have the support of TIC methodoloies (blackboard, computer and projector).

There will be practical sessions where students will be guided by the teacher, conveniently grouped, to solve the practical exercises proposed each lesson, solving any doubt that may arise during the activity.

The exercises proposed in class wil be solved colectively. The teacher will explain the proccess that should be followed and will stress out the most important concepts in relation with the theory. Afterwards each student can check his results.

There will be some written tests where the teacher will be able to evaluate whether the competences of the course have been rightly acquired and aknowledged by the students.

There will be tutorial sessions where the student will be able to ask any question or problem they may be facing during the development of the course. This consultation could be made in person or through webmail. 

Students must study the course during his autonomous time. The student will have different source of information (notes, books, webages,...) to solve and comprehend the exercises proposed during the course.

Students attendance to all of the proposed activities is compulsory. Students must take the orientations derived from each master class, prepare the practical activities prior to the attendance to each lecture and study continuosly to comprehend all of the course's learning objectives. Students will be evaluated continuously and systematically throughout the four-month period. The student is responsible for properly planning their work in accordante witht the indications of this teaching guide and the instructions received from the teacher; as well as to clarify any doubt that may arise from the study of the course. 

Student work load:

Teaching mode Teaching methods Estimated hours
Classroom activities
Master classes 9
Practical exercises 4
Practical work, exercises, problem-solving etc. 8
Other practical activities 3
Assessment activities 4
Asistencia a tutorías 0
Individual study
Tutorials 2
Individual study 15
Individual coursework preparation 20
Project work 2
Research work 4
Other individual study activities 4
Total hours: 75

ASSESSMENT SCHEME:

Calculation of final mark:

Written tests: 15 %
Individual coursework: 15 %
Group coursework: 10 %
Final exam: 50 %
Participation: 10 %
TOTAL 100 %

*Las observaciones específicas sobre el sistema de evaluación serán comunicadas por escrito a los alumnos al inicio de la materia.

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND DOCUMENTATION:

Basic bibliography:

GERE, James M. Timoshenko: Resistencia de Materiales. Thomson, 2006.
ORTIZ BERROCAL, L. Resistencia de materiales. McGraw Hill, 2007.
GORDON, John Edward. Estructuras o por qué las cosas no se caen. Calamar Ediciones, 2006.

Recommended bibliography:

BEER, Ferdinand P. Mecánica de Materiales. Mc. Graw-Hill, 2007.
SALVADORI, Mario. Why Buildings Stand Up: Strength of Architecture from the Pyramids to the Skyscraper. Norton, 2002.
MATTHYS, Levy. Why buildings fall down. Norton, 2002.
NASH, William A. Teoría y Problemas de Resistencia de Materiales. Schaum, Mc. Graw-Hill, 1992

Recommended websites:

Estructurando http://estructurando.net/


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