Guía Docente 2023-24
FARMACOECONOMÍA II

BASIC DETAILS:

Subject: FARMACOECONOMÍA II
Id.: 31672
Programme: GRADUADO EN FARMACIA. PLAN 2013 (BOE 15/07/2013)
Module: LEGISLACIÓN Y FARMACIA SOCIAL
Subject type: OBLIGATORIA
Year: 5 Teaching period: Primer Cuatrimestre
Credits: 3 Total hours: 75
Classroom activities: 40 Individual study: 35
Main teaching language: Inglés Secondary teaching language: Castellano
Lecturer: Email:

PRESENTATION:

The costs of health services, and particularly the expenditure in drugs, are consistently stressing the spanish and in other developed countries economies forcing the goverments to implement expenditure control policies.  Despite the recent reductions in drugs´expenditure and the good overall indicators provided by the OECD in previous years,  in relation with costs and quality of service, it is well known that the health systems in western countries are currently under financial pressures and that the spanish expenditre in drugs has increased again in the last years, which has been reinforced by the appearance of the COVID19 pandemic this year. The apperance of new technologies, new drugs, new epidemiologic events, demographic disbalances, new pathologies and new treatments will carry on putting economic pressure in the systems. In order to avoid this pressure and to ensure the sustainability and survival of the National Health Systems as we know them, we need proffesionals and researchers well trained in concepts, methodologies and techniques in relation with health economic evaluations who will be able to determine the efficiency of health plans and programmes and to provide advice and support to the decisions made in different institutions and organisations. This subject will provide the students with basic tools to assess, from a health-economic point of view, the different intervetions, treatments, programmes and thecnologies currently used in order to provide and guarantee the future sustainability of the modern health services.

Los costes de la salud, y especialemente el gasto farmacéutico, incrementan la presión económica nacional tanto en nuestro país como en otros países desarrollados del mundo, forzando a los gobiernos a recortar gastos. A pesar del descenso del gasto farmcéuticode de los últimos años y los buenos resultados generales de nuestro sistema de salud en comparación con otros, según informes de la OCDE, es bien conocido por todos la acutal situación de deficit que sufre nuestro sistema en la que el gasto farmacéutico ha vuelto a incrementar en los últimos años, lo que se ha visto reforzado por la aparición de la pandemia del COVID19. La introducción de nuevas tecnologías y de nuevos fármacos, la transición epidemiológica, desajustes demográficos, la aparición de nuevas patologías y la incorporación de nuevas formas de tratamiento, nos permiten proyectar que los costes de la salud en nuestro país van a seguir aumentando. Para evitar que dicho crecimiento supere la capacidad económica del país de sostener al Sistema de Salud, se requiere de profesionales e investigadores entrenados en conceptos, metodologías y técnicas de la Evaluación Económica en Salud, que sean capaces de determinar la eficiencia de planes y programas sanitarios y de apoyar las decisiones que se realicen en las diversas instituciones. Esta asignatura proporcionará a los alumnos conocimientos básicos de las técnicas más adecuadas y recientes de evaluar, desde el punto de vista económico-sanitario, las diversas intervenciones, programas y tecnologías que se usan actualmente o que se pretenden incorporar en el futuro, aportando una visión técnica a la solución de los problemas en esta área.

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES ACQUIRED IN THE SUBJECT:

General programme competences G01 Ability to express opinions and propose arguments effectively both orally and in writing. Effectively use language skills to express views and formulate arguments both orally and in writing.
G07 Demonstrate creativity, independence of thought, autonomy.
G08 Demonstrate critical and analytical ability to conventional approaches of the discipline.
Specific programme competences E41 Promote the rational use of medication and healthcare products.
E44 Understand the management and the characteristics of pharmaceutical assistance in Primary and Specialised Care structures in the Healthcare System.
E50 Understand the management and characteristics of pharmaceutical assistance in an office environment and in the pharmaceutical industry.
E51 Learn about the foundations of public health and intervene in the activities of health promotion, disease prevention at an individual and collective level and contribute to health education, recognising the determinants of health among the population health, both in terms of genetics as well as sex and lifestyle, demographic, environmental, social, economic, psychological and cultural dependants.
E52 Know about, understand and apply legal, social and economic conditions related to the health sector and in particular with medication.
E55 Understand and apply management techniques in all aspects of pharmacy.
Regulated profession competences P06 Promote rational use of medicines and healthcare products, and acquire basic knowledge in clinical management, health economics and efficient use of healthcare resources.
Learning outcomes R01 Master the concepts of microeconomics, such as economic agents, productive and allocative efficiency, the concept of opportunity cost, production and market boundary and its failures..
R02 Know and understand the concepts of efficiency and effectiveness in medicine.
R03 Know about the different ways to measure the benefit of interventions and tools used for this purpose.
R04 Critically analyse the work on "Economic Assessment" that appear in the literature or in various reports.

PRE-REQUISITES:

Pharmacoeconomics is a global discipline involving several areas of knowledge within the discipline of Health Economics. In practice, most pharmacoeconomic projects are developed by a team of people from different areas of expertise and backgrounds so that the results of a pharmacoeconomic study are not dependent on one person being an expert in all the relevant disciplines. These teams cover areas such as Pharmacy, Medicine, Psycometrics, Economics, Statistics, Epidemiology, Decision Analysis, Survey Techniques, Strategy Management, etc. The main objective for the students of "Pharmacoeconomics II" would be to gain skills in order to understand the results of pharmacoeconomic studies and to this end it would be useful to integrate the subjects approached in previous years such as pharmacology, drugs development and production, statistics, toxicology, public health, research and documentation analysis, Pharmacoeconomy I, etc.

Farmacoeconomía es una disciplina global que engloba diferentes areas de conocimiento dentro de las Ciencias de la Economía de la Salud. En la práctica, la mayoria de proyectos de farmacoeconomía son desarrollados por equipos de personas de manera que no dependan de un único individuo que sea experto en todas las areas de conocimiento relevantes. Estos equipos cuentan con personas expertas en Farmacología, Medicina, Psicometría, Economía, Estadística, Epidemiología, Salud Pública, Técnicas de toma de decisiones, Técnicas de estrategia comercial, etc. Para los alumnos que cursen esta asignatura, el principal objetivo es que sean capaces de comprender los resultados de los estudios farmacoeconómicos y para este fin es necesario que integren conocimientos adquiridos en asignaturas cursadas en años ateriores tales como Farmacología, Farmacocinética, Estadistica, Toxicología, Salud Pública, Investigación y Análisis documentales, Farmacoeconomía I, etc.

SUBJECT PROGRAMME:

Subject contents:

1 - CONSIDERATIONS IN CONDUCTING OR EVALUATING PHARMACOECONOMIC STUDIES
    1.1 - VARIABLES IN PHARMACOECONOMICS AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS
       1.1.1 - Topic 1.- Cost determination analysis (CDA). Cost Minimization (CMA)
       1.1.2 - Topic 2.- Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)
       1.1.3 - Topic 3.- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA)
       1.1.4 - Topic 4.- Cost-Utility Analysis (CUA)
       1.1.5 - Topic 5.- Assessment of published pharmacoeconomic analysis. Verification checklists
2 - MANAGEMENT OF A COMMUNITY PHARMACY (guest lecturer)
    2.1 - MARKETING AND POSITIONING OF A COMMUNITY PHARMACY
       2.1.1 - Topic 6.- Stock management. Profits
       2.1.2 - Topic 7.- How to set product prices
    2.2 - PHARMACY DESIGN AND LAYOUT
       2.2.1 - Topic 8.- How to establish the design of a community pharmacy. Relevant aspects
3 - BUY SELL OF PHARMACIES. HOW TO APPROACH THE MARKET (guest lecturer)
    3.1 - PRINCIPLES OF BUY SELL IN THE COMMUNITY PHARMACY SECTOR
       3.1.1 - Topic 9.- Theoretical principles of buy sell
       3.1.2 - Topic 10.- Practical cases
4 - FINANCE MANAGEMENT IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY AND HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENTS (guest lecturer)
    4.1 - BIG PHARMA INDUSTRY
       4.1.1 - Topic 11.- Finance basis and foundations of pharmaceutical industry
    4.2 - FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITALS. THE ROLE OF THE PHARMACIST
       4.2.1 - Topic 12.- Finance basis and economic management role of pharmacists in Hospitals. Differences between public and private hospitals

Subject planning could be modified due unforeseen circumstances (group performance, availability of resources, changes to academic calendar etc.) and should not, therefore, be considered to be definitive.


TEACHING AND LEARNING METHODOLOGIES AND ACTIVITIES:

Teaching and learning methodologies and activities applied:

The student will acquire the desired knowledge and skills through the study of the teaching programme subjects. To this end the following tools would be provided:

This plan will potentialy be subject of changes depending on unpredicted events such as group progress, resources availability, calendar changes and accomodation of other subject needs and therefore should not be considered as closed and final.


El alumo adquirirá los conocimientos necesarios para superar la asignatura a través del estudio de los temas del programa.Para ello se proporcionarán las siguientes herramientas:

Este planificación puede estar sujeta a cambios durante el semestre y podrán verse modificados por motivos imprevistos (rendimiento del grupo, disponibilidad de recursos, modificaciones del calendario, necesidades de otras aignaturas) y por tanto no deben considerarse como cerrados y definitivos.

 

Student work load:

Teaching mode Teaching methods Estimated hours
Classroom activities
Master classes 26
Practical exercises 8
Coursework presentations 4
Assessment activities 2
Individual study
Individual study 17
Individual coursework preparation 4
Group cousework preparation 10
Project work 4
Total hours: 75

ASSESSMENT SCHEME:

Calculation of final mark:

Individual coursework: 32 %
Group coursework: 45 %
Final exam: 23 %
TOTAL 100 %

*Las observaciones específicas sobre el sistema de evaluación serán comunicadas por escrito a los alumnos al inicio de la materia.

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND DOCUMENTATION:

Basic bibliography:

PRINCIPLES OF PHARMACOECONOMICS. Bootman, Townsend

Recommended bibliography:

INTRODUCTION TO APPLIED PHARMACOECONOMICS. Vogenberg, F. Randy. Editor: McGraw-Hill (ISBN 0071348468)
FARMACOECONOMIA. Walley, T. Boland - 2005 (ISBN 9788481749052)
MARKETING FARMACEUTICO. Frías, Dolores M. Editor: Pirámide (ISBN 8436814282)

Recommended websites:

Pharmiweb http://www.pharmiweb.com/
Revista española de economía de la salud http://www.economiadelasalud.com/
Health Economics, Medical and Pharmacy Resources by Category http://www.healtheconomics.com/
The International Peer-Reviewed Journal of Drug Therapy www.clinicaltherapeutics.com
Adis Pharmacoeconomics http://adisonline.com/pharmacoeconomics/Pages/default.aspx


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